Abstract
In this study, the tribological performances of the colloidal suspensions with the additives of nano-silver and nano-gold were examined via wear experiments of AA7075-T6 material. The nanoparticles were penetrated in the wear region using suspensions prepared in distilled water and ethylene glycol environment. The wear experiments were performed under 30 N load and 20 rpm speed condition in 1000 m wear distance using the ball-on-plate method. The worn surfaces were analyzed with a three-dimensional profilometer, scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and atomic force microscope (AFM) methods. According to the results, the colloidal dispersed nano-gold particles in ethylene glycol performed 28.85% better on reducing the surface roughness, 2.32% on reducing the weight loss, 4.85% on increasing the heat transfer, and 1.22% on reducing the friction coefficient than the nano-silver particles.
Issue Section:
Micro-Nano Tribology
Keywords:
nano-silver,
nano-gold,
colloidal suspensions,
wear surface,
abrasion,
adhesion,
lubricant additives,
lubricants,
mixed lubrication,
nanotribology,
surface fracture cracking,
wear
Topics:
Fluids,
Friction,
Silver,
Tribology,
Wear,
Weight (Mass),
Nanoparticles,
Temperature,
Surface roughness
References
1.
Lu
, K.
, 2008
, “Theoretical Analysis of Colloidal Interaction Energy in Nanoparticle Suspensions
,” Ceram. Int.
, 34
(6
), pp. 1353
–1360
. 10.1016/j.ceramint.2007.02.0162.
Ge
, L.
, Li
, Q.
, Wang
, M.
, Ouyang
, J.
, Li
, X.
, and Xing
, M. M. Q.
, 2014
, “Nanosilver Particles in Medical Applications: Synthesis, Performance, and Toxicity
,” Int. J. Nanomed.
, 9
(1
), pp. 2399
–2407
. 10.2147/ijn.s550153.
Tian
, Y.
, Chen
, J.
, Zahtabi
, F.
, Keijzer
, R.
, and Xing
, M.
, 2013
, “Nanomedicine as an Innovative Therapeutic Strategy for Pediatric Lung Diseases
,” Pediatr. Pulmonol.
, 48
(11
), pp. 1098
–1111
. 10.1002/ppul.226574.
Dong
, J.
, and Chen
, G.
, 2001
, “Preparation of Ni Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Tribological Performance as Potential Additives in Oils
,” ASME J. Tribol.
, 123
(3
), pp. 441
–443
. 10.1115/1.12861525.
Mohamed
, A.
, and Xing
, M. M.
, 2012
, “Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology for Skin Tissue Engineering
,” Int. J. Burns Trauma
, 2
(1
), pp. 29
–41
.6.
Chetan
, B. C.
, Ghosh
, S.
, and Rao
, P. V.
, 2016
, “Application of Nanofluids During Minimum Quantity Lubrication: A Case Study in Turning Process
,” Tribol. Int.
, 101
, pp. 234
–246
. 10.1016/j.triboint.2016.04.0197.
Chen
, J.
, Ouyang
, J.
, Kong
, J.
, Zhong
, W.
, and Xing
, M. M.
, 2013
, “Photo-Cross-Linked and PH-Sensitive Biodegradable Micelles for Doxorubicin Delivery
,” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
, 5
(8
), pp. 3108
–3117
. 10.1021/am400017q8.
Ma
, S.
, Zheng
, S.
, Cao
, D.
, and Guo
, H.
, 2010
, “Anti-Wear and Friction Performance of ZrO2 Nanoparticles as Lubricant Additive
,” Particuology
, 8
(5
), pp. 468
–472
. 10.1016/j.partic.2009.06.0079.
Amrita
, M.
, Shariq
, S. A.
, Manoj
, M.
, and Gopal
, C.
, 2014
, “Experimental Investigation on Application of Emulsifier Oil Based Nano Cutting Fluids in Metal Cutting Process
,” Procedia Eng.
, 97
, pp. 115
–124
. 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.23110.
Ajithkumar
, J. P.
, and Anthony Xavior
, M.
, 2018
, “Influence of Nano Lubrication in Machining Operations—A Review
,” Mater. Today Proceedings
, 5
(5
), pp. 11185
–11192
. 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.01.14211.
Zhou
, J.
, Wu
, Z.
, Zhang
, Z.
, Liu
, W.
, and Xue
, Q.
, 2000
, “Tribological Behavior and Lubricating Mechanism of Cu Nanoparticles in Oil
,” Tribol. Lett.
, 8
(4
), pp. 213
–218
. 10.1023/A:101915172180112.
Xu
, L.
, Zhang
, Y.
, Zhang
, D.
, and Leng
, M.
, 2018
, “Preparation and Tribological Properties of Ag Nanoparticles/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites
,” Ind. Lubr. Tribol.
, 70
(9
), pp. 1684
–1691
. 10.1108/ILT-03-2017-005413.
Wu
, Y. Y.
, Tsui
, W. C.
, and Liu
, T. C.
, 2007
, “Experimental Analysis of Tribological Properties of Lubricating Oils With Nanoparticle Additives
,” Wear
, 262
(7–8
), pp. 819
–825
. 10.1016/j.wear.2006.08.02114.
Asrul
, M.
, Zulkifli
, N. W. M.
, Masjuki
, H. H.
, and Kalam
, M. A.
, 2013
, “Tribological Properties and Lubricant Mechanism of Nanoparticle in Engine Oil
,” Procedia Eng.
, 68
, pp. 320
–325
. 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.12.18615.
Saravanakumar
, N.
, Prabu
, L.
, Karthik
, M.
, and Rajamanickam
, A.
, 2014
, “Experimental Analysis on Cutting Fluid Dispersed With Silver Nano Particles
,” J. Mech. Sci. Technol.
, 28
(2
), pp. 645
–651
. 10.1007/s12206-013-1192-616.
Khandekar
, S.
, Sankar
, M. R.
, Agnihotri
, V.
, and Ramkumar
, J.
, 2012
, “Nano-Cutting Fluid for Enhancement of Metal Cutting Performance
,” Mater. Manuf. Processes
, 27
(9
), pp. 963
–967
. 10.1080/10426914.2011.61007817.
Xie
, H.
, Jiang
, B.
, He
, J.
, Xia
, X.
, and Pan
, F.
, 2016
, “Lubrication Performance of MoS2 and SiO2 Nanoparticles as Lubricant Additives in Magnesium Alloy-Steel Contacts
,” Tribol. Int.
, 93
, pp. 63
–70
. 10.1016/j.triboint.2015.08.00918.
Luo
, T.
, Wei
, X.
, Huang
, X.
, Huang
, L.
, and Yang
, F.
, 2014
, “Tribological Properties of Al2O3 Nanoparticles as Lubricating Oil Additives
,” Ceram. Int.
, 40
(5
), pp. 7143
–7149
. 10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.12.05019.
Gara
, L.
, and Zou
, Q.
, 2013
, “Friction and Wear Characteristics of Oil-Based ZnO Nanofluids
,” Tribol. Trans.
, 56
(2
), pp. 236
–244
. 10.1080/10402004.2012.74014820.
Peng
, D. X.
, Kang
, Y.
, Chen
, S. K.
, and Chang
, Y. P.
, 2010
, “Dispersion and Tribological Properties of Liquid Paraffin With Added Aluminum Nanoparticles
,” Ind. Lubr. Tribol.
, 62
(6
), pp. 341
–348
. 10.1108/0036879101107623621.
Suryawanshi
, S. R.
, and Pattiwar
, J. T.
, 2018
, “Tribological Performance of Commercial Mobil Grade Lubricants Operating With Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Additives
,” Ind. Lubr. Tribol.
, 71
(2
), pp. 188
–198
. 10.1108/ilt-04-2018-014722.
Zhou
, S. Q.
, and Ni
, R.
, 2008
, “Measurement of the Specific Heat Capacity of Water-Based Al2 O3 Nanofluid
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
, 92
(9
), pp. 1
–4
. 10.1063/1.289043123.
Vajjha
, R. S.
, and Das
, D. K.
, 2009
, “Specific Heat Measurement of Three Nanofluids and Development of New Correlations
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 131
(7
), pp. 1
–7
. 10.1115/1.309081324.
Barbés
, B.
, Páramo
, R.
, Blanco
, E.
, and Casanova
, C.
, 2014
, “Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat Capacity Measurements of CuO Nanofluids
,” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
, 115
(2
), pp. 1883
–1891
. 10.1007/s10973-013-3518-025.
Barbés
, B.
, Páramo
, R.
, Blanco
, E.
, Pastoriza-Gallego
, M. J.
, Piñeiro
, M. M.
, Legido
, J. L.
, and Casanova
, C.
, 2013
, “Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat Capacity Measurements of Al 2O3 Nanofluids
,” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
, 111
(2
), pp. 1615
–1625
. 10.1007/s10973-012-2534-926.
Chandrasekar
, M.
, Suresh
, S.
, and Senthilkumar
, T.
, 2012
, “Mechanisms Proposed Through Experimental Investigations on Thermophysical Properties and Forced Convective Heat Transfer Characteristics of Various Nanofluids—A Review
,” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev.
, 16
(6
), pp. 3917
–3938
. 10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.01327.
O’Hanley
, H.
, Buongiorno
, J.
, McKrell
, T.
, and Hu
, L. W.
, 2012
, “Measurement and Model Validation of Nanofluid Specific Heat Capacity With Differential Scanning Calorimetry
,” Adv. Mech. Eng.
, 4
, pp. 1
–6
. 10.1155/2012/18107928.
Teng
, T. P.
, and Yu
, C. C.
, 2013
, “Heat Dissipation Performance of MWCNTs Nano-Coolant for Vehicle
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid. Sci.
, 49
(14
), pp. 22
–30
. 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2013.03.00729.
Pantzali
, M. N.
, Kanaris
, A. G.
, Antoniadis
, K. D.
, Mouza
, A. A.
, and Paras
, S. V.
, 2009
, “Effect of Nanofluids on the Performance of a Miniature Plate Heat Exchanger With Modulated Surface
,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
, 30
(4
), pp. 691
–699
. 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2009.02.00530.
Murshed
, S. M. S.
, 2011
, “Determination of Effective Specific Heat of Nanofluids
,” J. Exp. Nanosci.
, 6
(5
), pp. 539
–546
. 10.1080/17458080.2010.49883831.
De Robertis
, E.
, Cosme
, E. H. H.
, Neves
, R. S.
, Kuznetsov
, A. Y.
, Campos
, A. P. C.
, Landi
, S. M.
, and Achete
, C. A.
, 2012
, “Application of the Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry Technique for the Determination of the Specific Heat of Copper Nanofluids
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 41
, pp. 10
–17
. 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.01.00332.
Wang
, B. X.
, Zhou
, L. P.
, Peng
, X. F.
, Du
, X. Z.
, and Yang
, Y. P.
, 2010
, “On the Specific Heat Capacity of CuO Nanofluid
,” Adv. Mech. Eng.
, 2
, pp. 1
–4
.33.
Korkmaz
, Ş
, 2019
, Nanogümüş Katkılı Kolloidal Süspansiyonların Tribolojik Performanslarının Araştırılması
, Karabük Üniversitesi
, Karabük, Turkey
.34.
Tan
, G.
, Onur
, M. A.
, and Saǧlam
, N.
, 2012
, “Nano Gold and Biomedicine: Scientific Letter
,” Turkiye Klinikleri J. Med. Sci.
, 32
(2
), pp. 499
–506
. 10.5336/medsci.2010-2114735.
Zhang
, X. F.
, Liu
, Z. G.
, Shen
, W.
, and Gurunathan
, S.
, 2016
, “Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Properties, Applications, and Therapeutic Approaches
,” Int. J. Mol. Sci.
, 17
(9
), pp. 1
–34
.36.
Suresh
, A. K.
, Pelletier
, D. A.
, Wang
, W.
, Morrell-Falvey
, J. L.
, Gu
, B.
, and Doktycz
, M. J.
, 2012
, “Cytotoxicity Induced by Engineered Silver Nanocrystallites Is Dependent on Surface Coatings and Cell Types
,” Langmuir
, 28
(5
), pp. 2727
–2735
. 10.1021/la204205837.
Ganguly
, P.
, Breen
, A.
, and Pillai
, S. C.
, 2018
, “Toxicity of Nanomaterials: Exposure, Pathways, Assessment, and Recent Advances
,” ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.
, 4
(7
), pp. 2237
–2275
. 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b0006838.
Sivera
, M.
, Kvitek
, L.
, Soukupova
, J.
, Panacek
, A.
, Prucek
, R.
, Vecerova
, R.
, and Zboril
, R.
, 2014
, “Silver Nanoparticles Modified by Gelatin With Extraordinary PH Stability and Long-Term Antibacterial Activity
,” PLoS One
, 9
(8
), p. e103675
. 10.1371/journal.pone.010367539.
Atay
, Z.
, Biver
, T.
, Corti
, A.
, Eltugral
, N.
, Lorenzini
, E.
, Masini
, M.
, Paolicchi
, A.
, Pucci
, A.
, Ruggeri
, G.
, Secco
, F.
, and Venturini
, M.
, 2010
, “Non-Covalent Interactions of Cadmium Sulphide and Gold Nanoparticles With DNA
,” J. Nanopart. Res.
, 12
(6
), pp. 2241
–2253
. 10.1007/s11051-009-9791-y40.
Eltugral
, N.
, Simsir
, H.
, and Karagoz
, S.
, 2016
, “Preparation of Nano-Silver-Supported Activated Carbon Using Different Ligands
,” Res. Chem. Intermed.
, 42
(3
), pp. 1663
–1676
. 10.1007/s11164-015-2110-641.
Biver
, T.
, Eltugral
, N.
, Pucci
, A.
, Ruggeri
, G.
, Schena
, A.
, Secco
, F.
, and Venturini
, M.
, 2011
, “Synthesis, Characterization, DNA Interaction and Potential Applications of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized With Acridine Orange Fluorophores
,” Dalton Trans.
, 40
(16
), pp. 4190
–4199
. 10.1039/c0dt01371d42.
Simsir
, H.
, Eltugral
, N.
, and Karagoz
, S.
, 2015
, “Ligand-Depended Adsorption Characteristics of Silver Nanoparticles on Activated Carbon
,” Int. J. Chemical Molecular Nuclear Materials Metallurgical Eng.
, 9
(3
), pp. 471
–474
.43.
Cetin
, M. H.
, and Kabave Kilincarslan
, S.
, 2020
, “Effects of Cutting Fluids With Nano-Silver and Borax Additives on Milling Performance of Aluminium Alloys
,” J. Manuf. Processes
, 50
, pp. 170
–182
. 10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.12.04244.
Ghaednia
, H.
, Hossain
, M. S.
, and Jackson
, R. L.
, 2016
, “Tribological Performance of Silver Nanoparticle–Enhanced Polyethylene Glycol Lubricants
,” Tribol. Trans.
, 59
(4
), pp. 585
–592
. 10.1080/10402004.2015.109262345.
Sánchez-López
, J. C.
, Abad
, M. D.
, Kolodziejczyk
, L.
, Guerrero
, E.
, and Fernández
, A.
, 2011
, “Surface-Modified Pd and Au Nanoparticles for Anti-Wear Applications
,” Tribol. Int.
, 44
(6
), pp. 720
–726
. 10.1016/j.triboint.2009.12.01346.
Jatti
, V. S.
, and Singh
, T. P.
, 2015
, “Copper Oxide Nano-Particles as Friction-Reduction and Anti-Wear Additives in Lubricating Oil
,” J. Mech. Sci. Technol.
, 29
(2
), pp. 793
–798
. 10.1007/s12206-015-0141-y47.
Çelik
, O. N.
, Ay
, N.
, and Göncü
, Y.
, 2013
, “Effect of Nano Hexagonal Boron Nitride Lubricant Additives on the Friction and Wear Properties of AISI 4140 Steel
,” Part. Sci. Technol.
, 31
(5
), pp. 501
–506
. 10.1080/02726351.2013.77933648.
Neuffer
, H.
, Ghaednia
, H.
, and Advisor
, R. J.
, 2014
, “Wear Volume Analysis Using a Nano-Lubricant for Ball-on-Disk Testing
,” Tribol. Lubr. Technol.
, 2
, pp. 1
–3
.49.
Zhang
, Y.
, Li
, C.
, Jia
, D.
, Li
, B.
, Wang
, Y.
, Yang
, M.
, Hou
, Y.
, and Zhang
, X.
, 2016
, “Experimental Study on the Effect of Nanoparticle Concentration on the Lubricating Property of Nanofluids for MQL Grinding of Ni-Based Alloy
,” J. Mater. Process. Technol.
, 232
, pp. 100
–115
. 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.01.03150.
Thakre
, A. A.
, Shinde
, A.
, and Mundhe
, G.
, 2016
, “Improvement in Boundary Lubrication Characteristics of SAE20W40 Oil Using Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles
,” ASME J. Tribol.
, 138
(3
), pp. 138
–141
. 10.1115/1.403185351.
Cabaleiro
, D.
, Gracia-Fernández
, C.
, Legido
, J. L.
, and Lugo
, L.
, 2015
, “Specific Heat of Metal Oxide Nanofluids at High Concentrations for Heat Transfer
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 88
, pp. 872
–879
. 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.04.10752.
Ma
, J.
, Mo
, Y.
, and Bai
, M.
, 2009
, “Effect of Ag Nanoparticles Additive on the Tribological Behavior of Multialkylated Cyclopentanes (MACs)
,” Wear
, 266
(7–8
), pp. 627
–631
. 10.1016/j.wear.2008.08.00653.
Chiñas-Castillo
, F.
, Lara-Romero
, J.
, and Jiménez-Jarquin
, J. F.
, 2014
, “Tribological Characteristics of Protected Silver Nanoparticles in Oil
,” J. Dispersion Sci. Technol.
, 35
(12
), pp. 1665
–1674
. 10.1080/01932691.2013.87592254.
Yeh
, Y. C.
, Creran
, B.
, and Rotello
, V. M.
, 2012
, “Gold Nanoparticles: Preparation, Properties, and Applications in Bionanotechnology
,” Nanoscale
, 4
(6
), pp. 1871
–1880
. 10.1039/C1NR11188D55.
Çengel
, Y. A.
, and Ghajar
, A. J.
, 2015
, Heat and Mass Transfer: Fundamentals and Applications
, McGraw-Hill Education
, New York
.56.
Callister
, W. D.
, 2006
, Materials Science and Engineering. An Introduction
, Wiley
, New York
.57.
Gnecco
, E.
, and Meyer
, E.
, 2015
, Fundamentals of Friction and Wear on the Nanoscale
, Springer
, New York
.58.
Zhang
, Z.
, Patel
, R. C.
, Kothari
, R.
, Johnson
, C. P.
, Friberg
, S. E.
, and Aikens
, P. A.
, 2000
, “Stable Silver Clusters and Nanoparticles Prepared in Polyacrylate and Inverse Micellar Solutions
,” J. Phys. Chem. B
, 104
(6
), pp. 1176
–1182
. 10.1021/jp991569t59.
Andersson
, M.
, Pedersen
, J. S.
, and Palmqvist
, A. E. C.
, 2005
, “Silver Nanoparticle Formation in Microemulsions Acting Both as Template and Reducing Agent
,” Langmuir
, 21
(24
), pp. 11387
–11396
. 10.1021/la050937j60.
Uflyand
, I. E.
, Zhinzhilo
, V. A.
, and Burlakova
, V. E.
, 2019
, “Metal-Containing Nanomaterials as Lubricant Additives: State-of-the-Art and Future Development
,” Friction
, 7
(2
), pp. 93
–116
. 10.1007/s40544-019-0261-y61.
Kao
, M. J.
, and Lin
, C. R.
, 2009
, “Evaluating the Role of Spherical Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles in Reducing Friction Between Two Pieces of Cast Iron
,” J. Alloys Compd.
, 483
(1–2
), pp. 456
–459
. 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.07.22362.
Mao
, C.
, Huang
, Y.
, Zhou
, X.
, Gan
, H.
, Zhang
, J.
, and Zhou
, Z.
, 2014
, “The Tribological Properties of Nanofluid Used in Minimum Quantity Lubrication Grinding
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
, 71
(5–8
), pp. 1221
–1228
. 10.1007/s00170-013-5576-763.
Sharma
, A. K.
, Tiwari
, A. K.
, and Dixit
, A. R.
, 2015
, “Progress of Nanofluid Application in Machining: A Review
,” Mater. Manuf. Processes
, 30
(7
), pp. 813
–828
. 10.1080/10426914.2014.97358364.
Dai
, W.
, Kheireddin
, B.
, Gao
, H.
, and Liang
, H.
, 2016
, “Roles of Nanoparticles in Oil Lubrication
,” Tribol. Int.
, 102
, pp. 88
–98
. 10.1016/j.triboint.2016.05.02065.
Subramonian
, B.
, Kato
, K.
, Adachi
, K.
, and Basu
, B.
, 2005
, “Experimental Evaluation of Friction and Wear Properties of Solid Lubricant Coatings on SUS440C Steel in Liquid Nitrogen
,” Tribol. Lett.
, 20
(3–4
), pp. 263
–272
. 10.1007/s11249-005-9066-466.
Shi
, Z. Y.
, Cui
, P.
, and Li
, X.
, 2019
, “A Review on Research Progress of Machining Technologies of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer and Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer
,” Proc. IME C J. Mech. Eng. Sci.
, 233
(13
), pp. 4508
–4520
. 10.1177/095440621983073267.
Cui
, P.
, Shi
, Z. Y.
, Li
, X.
, and Duan
, N. M.
, 2019
, “Evaluation of Specific Cutting Energy Considering Effects of Cutting Tool Geometry During Micro-Machining Process
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
, 102
(5–8
), pp. 1127
–1139
. 10.1007/s00170-018-3125-068.
Çelebi
, N.
, 2009
, “Kolloidler
,” Modern Farmasötik Teknoloji
, TEB Eczacılık Akademisi Yayınları
, Mattek Ltd
. Şti., Ankara
, p. 263
–275
.Copyright © 2020 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
