...Shashank Terala; Sandip Mazumder; Gurpreet Matharu; Dhaval Vaishnav; Syed Ali A liquid water-urea mixture is stored onboard diesel vehicles and used for exhaust aftertreatment. In cold weather conditions, the mixture may freeze and the freezing process may span over a day. In the first part of our...

...Vishal Ramesh; Shashank Terala; Sandip Mazumder; Gurpreet Matharu; Dhaval Vaishnav; Syed Ali Liquid water–urea mixtures are used in diesel vehicles for exhaust after treatment. In cold weather, the entire liquid may freeze and the process may span over a day. Traditional computational fluid...

...K. H. M. Al-Hamed; A. Z. Sahin; T. Laoui; A. H. Bokhari In this study, an analytical approach is used to find expressions for the closure time in freezing processes for spheres and cylindrical tubes. The starting point is the well-known two-phase Stefan problem. A new characteristic solution...

...H. Ezzat Khalifa; Mustafa Koz This study analyzes phase change material (PCM) freezing process in a novel latent heat storage device (LHSD). Heat is removed from the PCM with an embedded evaporator. A mathematical model of freezing in a finite-thickness PCM slab is presented. An experimentally...

...; published online August 20, 2018. Assoc. Editor: Samuel Sami. 27 02 2018 27 06 2018 Energy systems Heat exchangers Melting Thermal systems Freezing In the U.S., 13% of the total energy consumption is used for building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) [ 1...

... Energy systems Heat exchangers Melting Thermal systems Freezing This paper summarizes the derivation and solution of the governing equations for the energy input and extraction processes in a thermal storage device interacting with a heat exchanger (HX) that facilitates this input...

... techniques Heat transfer enhancement Heat transfer Low temperature heat transfer Melting Thermal systems Manufacturing Freezing The energy consumption in the building has been strongly correlated with increasing thermal comfort of buildings [ 1 ]. Improving the thermal performance...

... them at low temperature control panel. The samples were frozen under AC and DC MF of 50 Hz with different intensities, i.e., 0, 0.46, 0.9, 1.8, 3.6, and 7.2 mT. The ice crystals formation during the process of cell freezing was observed and recorded using the optical microscope, and the beginning...

...Koji Fumoto; Toshiki Sato; Tsuyoshi Kawanami; Takao Inamura Ice slurry has attracted a great deal of attention as a coolant for direct contact cooling. In this study, we generated ice slurry by the method of pressure shift freezing (PSF), which is based on the freezing-point depression...

... systems Experimental Melting Melting Thermal systems Measurement techniques Freezing Solidification Active thermal energy storage using PCMs is frequently proposed as a method to shift building peak heating and cooling loads [ 1 ] and increase the availability of solar thermal energy [ 2...

... and external cooling. The melting and freezing phenomena during molten fuel attack on neighboring subassembly hexcan are modeled by enthalpy based transient energy equation. The general enthalpy formulation is expressed as (13) ρ ∂ H spe ∂ t = ∇ [ K ( ∇ T ) ] + q...

... flow rate. The tubes are internally cooled by a controlled subzero temperature coolant. The coolant passes through the pipes in parallel. Water falling film freezes gradually outside the test tubes. The quantity of ice formed on the test tubes is observed, photographed, and measured at different times...

... temperature, and distance of two cryoprobes on freezing process of tissue were also studied. The results show that the ice crystal grows more rapidly in the initial freezing stage (<600 s) and then slows down in the following process, and the precooling of cryoprobes has no obvious effect on freezing rate...