Graphical Abstract Figure
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of the aspect ratio of the cross section of a rectangular twisted tape on the laminar heat transfer characteristics inside an isothermally heated circular pipe. Detailed three-dimensional simulations reveal facts that would be difficult to estimate otherwise. A novel study of the evolution of the axial and secondary velocity fields as well as the temperature field within the pipe is presented to understand the flow physics behind the heat transfer enhancement. The three-dimensional simulation results are used to accurately calculate the portion of the total energy of the flow that is converted to secondary kinetic energy. In addition to the Nusselt number and friction factor, three parameters, viz. relative increase in heat transfer coefficient, relative increase in pressure drop, and thermo-hydraulic performance factor are used to quantify the effect of the twisted tape. While both the heat transfer and the pressure drop increase with a decrease in the twist ratio (TR), the thermo-hydraulic performance factor (THPF) is found to become almost independent of TR as the aspect ratio (AR) decreases to low values. It is inferred from the present results that although a twisted tape with a small pitch and large aspect ratio enhances heat transfer performance, a lower aspect ratio may provide a better option from a power requirement perspective. Hence, this work shows, for the first time, that a square-like cross section of the twisted tape could be advantageous.
References
1.
Żyła
, G.
, Fal
, J.
, and Estellé
, P.
, 2017
, “The Influence of Ash Content on Thermophysical Properties of Ethylene Glycol Based Graphite/Diamonds Mixture Nanofluids
,” Diam. Relat. Mater.
, 74
, pp. 81
–89
. 2.
Murshed
, S. M. S.
, and Estellé
, P.
, 2017
, “A State of the Art Review on Viscosity of Nanofluids
,” Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev.
, 76
, pp. 1134
–1152
. 3.
Keklikcioglu
, O.
, Dagdevir
, T.
, and Ozceyhan
, V.
, 2020
, “Second Law Analysis of a Mixture of Ethylene Glycol/Water Flow in Modified Heat Exchanger Tube by Passive Heat Transfer Enhancement Technique
,” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
, 140
(3
), pp. 1307
–1320
. 4.
Pradhan
, K.
, and Guha
, A.
, 2017
, “CFD Solutions for Magnetohydrodynamic Natural Convection Over Horizontal and Vertical Surfaces
,” J. Mol. Liq.
, 236
, pp. 465
–476
. 5.
Yadav
, R. J.
, Mahajani
, T.
, Kore
, S. S.
, Gadhe
, P. M.
, and Kamble
, D. A.
, 2023
, “Investigation of Heat Transfer Characteristics Using Fe3O4 Nanofluid Along With TT Inserts in Tube With Uniform Electromagnetic Field
,” Appl. Nanosci.
, 13
(1
), pp. 763
–785
. 6.
Sahin
, B.
, 2007
, “A Taguchi Approach for Determination of Optimum Design Parameters for a Heat Exchanger Having Circular-Cross Sectional Pin Fins
,” Heat Mass Transf.
, 43
(5
), pp. 493
–502
. 7.
Sheikholeslami
, M.
, Gorji-Bandpy
, M.
, and Ganji
, D. D.
, 2021
, “Review of Heat Transfer Enhancement Methods: Focus on Passive Methods Using Swirl Flow Devices
,” Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev.
, 49
, pp. 444
–469
. 8.
Subasi
, A.
, and Erdem
, K.
, 2021
, “An Integrated Optimization Methodology for Heat Transfer Enhancement: A Case Study on Nanofluid Flow in a Pipe Equipped With Inserts
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
, 172
, p. 121187
. 9.
Outokesh
, M.
, Ajarostaghi
, S. S. M.
, Bozorgzadeh
, A.
, and Sedighi
, K.
, 2020
, “Numerical Evaluation of the Effect of Utilizing Twisted Tape With Curved Profile as a Turbulator on Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Pipe
,” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
, 140
(3
), pp. 1537
–1553
. 10.
Arasteh
, H.
, Rahbari
, A.
, Mashayekhi
, R.
, Keshmiri
, A.
, Mahani
, R. B.
, and Talebizadehsardari
, P.
, 2021
, “Effect of Pitch Distance of Rotational Twisted Tape on the Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristics
,” Int. J. Therm. Sci.
, 170
, p. 106966
. 11.
Manglik
, R. M.
, and Bergles
, A. E.
, 1991
. “Heat Transfer Enhancement of in Tube Flows in Process Heat Exchangers by Means of Twisted-Tape Inserts
,” Ph.D. dissertation
, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
, Troy, New York
.12.
Syam Sundar
, L.
, 2023
, “Heat Transfer, Friction Factor and Exergy Efficiency Analysis of Nanodiamond-Fe3O4/Water Hybrid Nanofluids in a Tube With Twisted Tape Inserts
,” Ain Shams Eng. J.
, 14
(9
), p. 102068
. 13.
Bairagi
, S.
, Roy
, R.
, and Mandal
, B. K.
, 2023
, “Heat Transfer Enhancement in Laminar Pipe Flow Using Al2O3–Water Nanofluid and Twisted Tape Inserts
,” ASME J. Therm. Sci. Eng. Appl.
, 15
(8
), p. 081003
. 14.
Whitham
, J.
, 1896
, “The Effect of Retarders in Fire Tubes of Steam Boilers
,” Trans. ASME.
, 17
, pp. 450
–460
. 15.
Manglik
, R. M.
, and Bergles
, A. E.
, 1993
, “Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for Twisted-Tape Inserts in Isothermal Tubes: Part II—Transition and Turbulent Flows
,” ASME J. Heat Transf.
, 115
(4
), pp. 890
–896
. 16.
Durga Prasad
, P. V.
, and Gupta
, A. V. S. S. K. S.
, 2016
, “Experimental Investigation on Enhancement of Heat Transfer Using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid in a U-Tube With Twisted Tape Inserts
,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf.
, 75
, pp. 154
–161
. 17.
Maddah
, H.
, Alizadeh
, M.
, Ghasemi
, N.
, and Wan Alwi
, S. R.
, 2014
, “Experimental Study of Al2O3/Water Nanofluid Turbulent Heat Transfer Enhancement in the Horizontal Double Pipes Fitted With Modified Twisted Tapes
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
, 78
, pp. 1042
–1054
. 18.
Luo
, J.
, Alghamdi
, A.
, Aldawi
, F.
, Moria
, H.
, Mouldi
, A.
, Loukil
, H.
, Deifall
, A. F.
, and Ghoushchi
, S. P.
, 2024
, “Thermal-Frictional Odelling of New Special Shape Twisted Tape and Helical Coiled Wire Turbulators in Engine Heat Exchangers System
,” Case Stud. Therm. Eng.
, 53
, p. 103877
. 19.
Murugesan
, P.
, Mayilsamy
, K.
, Suresh
, S.
, and Srinivasan
, P. S. S.
, 2011
, “Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics in a Circular Tube Fitted With and Without V-Cut Twisted Tape Insert
,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf.
, 38
(3
), pp. 329
–334
. 20.
Cui
, Y.
, and Tian
, M.
, 2010
, “Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of a Circular Tube With Edge-Fold-Twisted-Tape Inserts
,” J. Hydrodyn.
, 22
(5
), pp. 662
–670
. 21.
Klaczak
, A.
, 2000
, “Heat Transfer by Laminar Flow in a Vertical Pipe With Twisted-Tape Inserts
,” Heat Mass Transf.
, 36
(3
), pp. 195
–199
. 22.
Ferroni
, P.
, Block
, R. E.
, Todreas
, N. E.
, and Bergles
, A. E.
, 2011
, “Experimental Evaluation of Pressure Drop in Round Tubes Provided With Physically Separated, Multiple, Short-Length Twisted Tapes
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.
, 35
(7
), pp. 1357
–1369
. 23.
Wang
, Y.
, Hou
, M.
, Deng
, X.
, Li
, L.
, Huang
, C.
, Huang
, H.
, Zhang
, G.
, Chen
, C.
, and Huang
, W.
, 2011
, “Configuration Optimization of Regularly Spaced Short-Length Twisted Tape in a Circular Tube to Enhance Turbulent Heat Transfer Using CFD Modelling
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 31
(6–7
), pp. 1141
–1149
. 24.
Man
, C.
, Yao
, J.
, and Wang
, C.
, 2016
, “The Experimental Study on the Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Characteristics in Tube With a New Kind of Twisted Tape Insert
,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf.
, 75
, pp. 124
–129
. 25.
Eiamsa-ard
, S.
, Thianpong
, C.
, Eiamsa-ard
, P.
, and Promvonge
, P.
, 2010
, “Thermal Characteristics in a Heat Exchanger Tube Fitted With Dual Twisted Tape Elements in Tandem
,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf.
, 37
(1
), pp. 39
–46
. 26.
Hata
, K.
, and Masuzaki
, S.
, 2011
, “Twisted-Tape-Induced Swirl Flow Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in a Short Circular Tube Under Velocities Controlled
,” Nucl. Eng. Des.
, 241
(11
), pp. 4434
–4444
. 27.
Noorbakhsh
, M.
, Ajarostaghi
, S. S. M.
, Zaboli
, M.
, and Kiani
, B.
, 2022
, “Thermal Analysis of Nanofluids Flow in a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger With Twisted Tapes Insert in Both Sides
,” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
, 147
(5
), pp. 3965
–3976
. 28.
Fazel
, Z.
, Sadrhosseini
, H.
, and Hannani
, S. K.
, 2022
, “Heat Transfer Intensification of Turbulent Forced Convection by Inserting Discontinuous Twisted Tapes in a Wavy Tube; Hydrothermal and Thermodynamics Analysis
,” Chem. Eng. Process—Process Intensif.
, 181
, p. 109137
. 29.
Bergles
, A. E.
, 1972
, “Techniques to Augment Heat Transfer,” Handbook of Heat Transfer
, W. M.
Rohsenow
, J. P.
Hartnett
, and Y. I.
Cho
., eds., McGraw-Hill Book Co.
, New York
.30.
Guha
, A.
, Pradhan
, K.
, and Jain
, A.
, 2020
, “Correction for Semi-Infinite Assumption in the Theories of Natural Convection and Determination of Average Nusselt Number for Finite Inclined Plates
,” Int. J. Therm. Sci.
, 148
, p. 106062
. 31.
Guha
, A.
, Jain
, A.
, and Pradhan
, K.
, 2019
, “Computation and Physical Explanation of the Thermo-Fluid-Dynamics of Natural Convection Around Heated Inclined Plates With Inclination Varying From Horizontal to Vertical
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
, 135
, pp. 1130
–1151
. 32.
Akbari
, O. A.
, Afrouzi
, H. H.
, Marzban
, A.
, Toghraie
, D.
, Malekzade
, H.
, and Arabpour
, A.
, 2017
, “Investigation of Volume Fraction of Nanoparticles Effect and Aspect Ratio of the Twisted Tape in the Tube
,” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
, 129
(3
), pp. 1911
–1922
. 33.
Shajahan
, M. I.
, Stephen
, C.
, Michael
, J. J.
, Arulprakasajothi
, M.
, Rathnakumar
, P.
, and Parthasarathy
, M.
, 2023
, “Heat Transfer Investigations of In-Line Conical Strip Inserts Using MWCNT/Water Nanofluid Under Laminar Flow Condition
,” Int. J. Therm. Sci.
, 183
, p. 107844
. 34.
Nakhchi
, M. E.
, and Esfahani
, J. A.
, 2021
, “Numerical Investigation of Turbulent CuO–Water Nanofluid Inside Heat Exchanger Enhanced With Double V-Cut Twisted Tapes
,” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
, 145
(5
), pp. 2535
–2545
. 35.
Pradhan
, K.
, and Guha
, A.
, 2019
, “Fluid Dynamics of Oscillatory Flow in Three-Dimensional Branching Networks
,” Phys. Fluids
, 31
(6
), p. 063601
. 36.
Roache
, P. J.
, 1997
, “Quantification of Uncertainty in Computational Fluid Dynamics
,” Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.
, 29
(1
), pp. 123
–160
. 37.
Manglik
, R. M.
, and Bergles
, A. E.
, 1993
, “Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for Twisted-Tape Inserts in Isothermal Tubes: Part I—Laminar Flows
,” ASME J. Heat Transf.
, 115
(4
), pp. 881
–889
. 38.
Wongcharee
, K.
, and Eiamsa-ard
, S.
, 2011
, “Enhancement of Heat Transfer Using CuO/Water Nanofluid and Twisted Tape With Alternate Axis
,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf.
, 38
(6
), pp. 742
–749
. 39.
Fetuga
, I. A.
, Olakoyejo
, O. T.
, Abolarin
, S. M.
, Adelaja
, A. O.
, Oluwatusin
, O.
, and Gbegudu
, J. K.
, 2023
, “Thermohydraulic Performance of a Semi-Alternated Twisted Tape Insert and Cylindrical Baffles in a Tube With Ternary Nanofluid Under Sinusoidal Wall Temperature
,” Alexandria Eng. J.
, 73
, pp. 607
–623
. 40.
Guha
, A.
, and Pradhan
, K.
, 2017
, “Secondary Motion in Three-Dimensional Branching Networks
,” Phys. Fluids
, 29
(6
), p. 063206
. 41.
White
, F. M.
, 2011
, Fluid Mechanics
, McGraw-Hill
, New York
.42.
Webb
, R. L.
, 1981
, “Performance Evaluation Criteria for Use of Enhanced Heat Transfer Surfaces in Heat Exchanger Design
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
, 24
(4
), pp. 715
–726
. 43.
Singh
, S. K.
, and Sarkar
, J.
, 2021
, “Improving Hydrothermal Performance of Double-Tube Heat Exchanger With Modified Twisted Tape Inserts Using Hybrid Nanofluid
,” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
, 143
(6
), pp. 4287
–4298
. 
