... temperature (K) T s = solar fuel temperature (K) T w = reactor wall temperature (K) T ∞ = ambient temperature (K) u g , v s = gas and particles velocities (m s −1 ) solar reactor solar fuel temperature control PID controller heat transfer...

... density [ 1 , 2 ]. solar energy temperature control solar reactor PI controller solar receiver energy storage 23 06 2021 03 02 2022 12 02 2022 07 03 2022 Contributed by the Solar Energy Division of ASME for publication in the J ournal of S olar E nergy E...

... building management systems optimal control sensitivity analysis space cooling temperature control Cooling of commercial buildings during hot summer periods places a considerable peak demand on an electrical utility grid; electrical demand and time-of-use (TOU) utility rates are designed...

... power and a 1.3–4.6% increase in the refrigeration effect. When the chiller with the cooler operates under condensing temperature control, where condenser effectiveness is enhanced by staging all condenser fans, there is a savings in chiller power of 1.3-4.3% in some operating conditions in which...

... = Viscosity, kg/s.m Subscripts In order to achieve highly accurate chilled water temperature control, a new control strategy, called the command feed-forward control, has been proposed based on a physical transient model for the evaporator. This physical transient model is a partial differential...

... air volume system. space heating humidity control temperature control thermostats energy conservation 23 April 2004 27 April 2004 07 02 2005 Contributed by the Solar Energy Division of THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS . Manuscript received by the ASME...

.... Our experimentations have also shown that it is easy to verify the parasitic reflection effects with a temperature-controlled sample, such as a diffusely-reflecting, water-cooled copper sample. If the radiative properties of the tested sample are well known it is possible to evaluate the temperature...

... thermal analysis optimal control control system synthesis temperature control In conventional control strategies, the thermal storage of a building is not utilized for reducing operating costs. When the building is not occupied, the thermostat is set up to a higher temperature for cooling...

... ENERGY ENGINEERING . Manuscript received by the ASME Solar Energy Division, December 2002; final revision, March 2003. Associate Editor: A. Reddy. 01 December 2002 01 March 2003 04 08 2003 fault diagnosis HVAC temperature control energy conservation power consumption...

... . Manuscript received by the ASME Solar Energy Division, Dec. 2000; final revision, Jul. 2001. Associate Editor: U. Mei and J. Davidson. 01 Dec 2000 01 July 2001 refrigeration adsorption solar heating solar absorber-convertors ice condensation temperature control Solar Energy...

... performance evaluation proton exchange membrane fuel cells humidity humidity control hydrogen hydrogen neutral molecules oxygen heating pressure control dynamics transients temperature control 3 Fuel cell stack layout The load for the fuel cell stack is a constant resistance of 1.5...

... temperature control to determine the radiant power entering the receiving cavity. The nonequivalence between the shutter-open mode and shutter-closed mode due to different temperature distributions is a major factor that affects the radiometric accuracy. The analysis shows that the nonequivalence...