... volume on short-circuiting duration time are examined. The results show that both the electromagnetic force and Marangoni shear stress play significant roles in short-circuiting transfer welding. Figure 3 and Table 2 show that increasing density ratio decreases the period. Higher ratios increase...

... electromagnetic forces finite element analysis Magnetic chucks are commonly used for fixturing ferromagnetic workpieces in precision machining operations 1 . Magnetic workholding is a convenient fixturing technique with several advantages over conventional mechanical workholding devices 2...