Aerodynamic and heat transfer investigations were performed on a constant curvature curved plate in a subsonic wind tunnel facility for various wake passing frequencies under zero pressure gradient conditions. Steady and unsteady boundary layer transition measurements were taken on the concave surface at different wake passing frequencies in which a rotating squirrel cage was used to generate the unsteady wake flow. The data were analyzed using time-averaged and ensemble averaged techniques to provide insight into the growth of the boundary layer and transition. Ensemble averaged turbulence intensity contours in the temporal spatial domain showed that transition was induced for increasing wake passing frequency and structure. The local heat transfer coefficient distributions for the concave and convex surfaces were determined for each wake passing frequency using a liquid crystal heat transfer measurement technique. Aerodynamic and heat transfer investigations showed that higher wake passing frequencies caused earlier transition on the concave surface. Local Stanton numbers were calculated on the concave surface and compared to Stanton numbers predicted using a boundary layer and heat transfer calculation method. On the convex side, no effect of wake passing on heat transfer was observed, due to a separation bubble that induced transition.

1.
Addison
J. S.
, and
Hodson
H. P.
,
1990
a, “
Unsteady Transition in an Axial-Flow Turbine, Part 1: Measurements on the Turbine Rotor
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
112
, pp.
206
214
.
2.
Addison
J. S.
, and
Hodson
H. P.
,
1990
b, “
Unsteady Transition in an Axial-Flow Turbine, Part 2: Cascade Measurements and Modeling
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
112
, pp.
215
221
.
3.
Ashworth
D. A.
,
LaGraff
J. E.
, and
Schultz
D. L.
,
1989
, “
Unsteady Interaction Effects on a Transitional Turbine Blade Boundary Layer
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
III
, pp.
162
168
.
4.
Chakka, P., and Schobeiri, T., 1997, “Modeling Unsteady Boundary Layer Transition on a Curved Plate Under Periodic Unsteady Flow Conditions: Aerodynamic and Heat Transfer Investigations,” ASME Paper No. 97-GT-399.
5.
Crane
R. I.
, and
Sabzvari
J.
,
1989
, “
Heat Transfer Visualization and Measurement in Unstable Concave-Wall Laminar Boundary Layers
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
III
, pp.
51
56
.
6.
Crawford, M. E., and Kays, W. M., 1976, “STAN5 (TEXSTAN version)—A Program for Numerical Computation of Two Dimensional Internal and External Boundary Layer Flow,” NASA CR-2742.
7.
Doorly, D. J., Oldfield, M. L. G., and Scrivener, C. T. J., 1985, “Wake-Passing in a Turbine Rotor Cascade,” Heat Transfer and Cooling in Gas Turbines, AGARD-DP-390, pp. 7-1–7-18.
8.
Doorly
D. J.
,
1988
, “
Modeling the Unsteady Flow in a Turbine Rotor Passage
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
110
, pp.
27
37
.
9.
Dring, R. P., Blair, M. F., Joslyn, H. D., Power, G. D., and Verdon, J. M., 1986, “The Effect of Inlet Turbulence and Rotor/Stator Interactions on the Aerodynamics and Heat Transfer of a Large Scale Rotating Turbine Model,” NASA CR 4079.
10.
Dullenkopf
K.
,
Schulz
A.
, and
Wittig
S.
,
1991
, “
The Effect of Incident Wake Conditions on The Mean Heat Transfer of An Airfoil
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
113
, pp.
412
418
.
11.
Dunn
M. G.
,
1986
, “
Heat Flux Measurements for the Rotor of a Full-Stage Turbine: Part I—Time Averaged Results
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
108
, pp.
90
97
.
12.
Gaugler, R., 1985, “A Review and Analysis of Boundary layer Transition Data for Turbine Application,” ASME Paper No. 85-GT-83.
13.
Han
J. C.
,
Zhang
L.
, and
Ou
S.
,
1993
, “
Influence of Unsteady Wake on Heat Transfer Coefficient From A Gas Turbine Blade
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
115
, pp.
904
911
.
14.
Hippensteele
S. A.
,
Russell
L. M.
, and
Stepka
F. S.
,
1983
, “
Evaluation of a Method for Heat Transfer Measurements and Thermal Visualization Using a Composite of a Heater Element and Liquid Crystals
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
105
, pp.
184
189
.
15.
Hippensteele, S. A., Russell, L. M., and Torres, F. J., 1985, “Local Heat Transfer Measurements on A Large, Scale-Model Turbine Blade Airfoil Using A Composite of A Heater Element and Liquid Crystals,” NASA TM-86900.
16.
Hodson, H. P., 1984, “Measurement of Wake-Generated Unsteadiness in the Rotor Passage of Axial Flow Turbines,” ASME Paper No. 84-GT-189.
17.
John
J.
, and
Schobeiri
T.
,
1993
, “
A Simple and Accurate Method of Calibrating X-Probes
,”
ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering
, Vol.
115
, pp.
148
152
.
18.
Kestoras, M. D., and Simon, T., 1993, “Combined Effects of Concave Curvature and High Free-Stream Turbulence Intensity of Boundary Layer Heat and Momentum Transport,” ASME Paper No. 93-WA/HT-56.
19.
Kline
S. J.
, and
McKlintock
F. A.
,
1953
, “
Describing Uncertainties in Single-Sample Experiments
,”
Mechanical Engineering
, Vol.
75
, Jan. pp.
3
8
.
20.
LaGraff
J. E.
,
Ashworth
D. A.
, and
Schultz
D. L.
,
1989
, “
Measurement and Modeling of the Gas Turbine Blade Transition Process as Disturbed by Wakes
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
III
, pp.
315
322
.
21.
Liu, X., and Rodi, W., 1989, “Measurement of Unsteady flow Over and Heat Transfer From a Flat Plate,” ASME Paper No. 89-GT-2.
22.
Liu, X., and Rodi, W., 1992, “Measurement of Unsteady Flow and Heat Transfer in A Linear Turbine Cascade,” ASME Paper No. 92-GT-323.
23.
Mayle
R. E.
,
Blair
M. F.
, and
Kopper
F. C.
,
1979
, “
Turbulent boundary Layer Heat Transfer on Curved Surfaces
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
101
, pp.
521
525
.
24.
Mayle
R. E.
, and
Dullenkopf
K.
,
1989
, “
A Theory for Wake-Induced Transition
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
112
, pp.
188
195
.
25.
Mayle
R. E.
,
1991
, “
The Role of Laminar-Turbulent Transition in Gas Turbine Engines
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
113
, pp.
509
537
.
26.
Orth, U., 1992, “Unsteady Boundary-Layer Transition in Flow Periodically Disturbed by Wakes,” ASME Paper No. 92-GT-283.
27.
Pfeil, H., and Herbst, R., 1979, “Transition Procedure of Instationary Boundary Layers,” ASME Paper No. 79-GT-128.
28.
Russell, L. M., Hippensteele, S. A., and Poinsatte, P. E., 1993, “Measurements and Computational Analysis of Heat Transfer and Flow in A Simulated Turbine Blade Internal Cooling Passage,” NASA TM-106189.
29.
Schobeiri, M. T., McFarland, E., Yeh, F., 1991, “Aerodynamic and Heat Transfer Investigations on a High Reynolds Number Turbine Cascade,” ASME Paper No. 91-GT-157.
30.
Schobeiri, T., and Pardivala, D., 1992, “Development of A Subsonic Flow Research Facility for Simulating The Turbomachinery Flow and Investigating its Effects on boundary layer Transition, Wake Development and heat Transfer,” Fourth International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, Washington, DC, pp. 98–114.
31.
Schobeiri, T., and Radke, R., 1994, “Effects of Periodic Unsteady Wake Flow and Pressure Gradient on Boundary Layer Transition Along The Concave Surface of A Curved Plate,” ASME Paper No. 94-GT-327.
32.
Schobeiri, T., Read, K., and Lewalle, J., 1995a, “Effect of Unsteady Wake Passing Frequency on Boundary Llayer Transition, Experimental Investigation and Wavelet Analysis,” ASME Paper No. 95-GT-437.
33.
Schobeiri, T., Pappu, K., and Wright, L., 1995b, “Experimental Study of the Unsteady boundary Layer Behavior on A Turbine Cascade,” ASME Paper No. 95-GT-435.
34.
Schobeiri
M. T.
,
John
J.
, and
Pappu
K.
,
1996
, “
Development of Two-Dimensional Wakes Within Curved Channels, Theoretical Framework and Experimental Investigation
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
118
, pp.
506
518
.
35.
Sharma, O. P., Renaud, E., Butler, T. L., Milsaps, K., Jr., Dring, R. P., and Joslyn, H. D., 1988, “Rotor-Stator Interaction in Axial-Flow Turbines,” AIAA Paper No. 88-3013.
36.
Simonich
J. C.
, and
Moffat
R. J.
,
1984
, “
Liquid Crystal Visualization of Surface Heat Transfer on A Concavely Curved Turbulent Boundary Layer
,”
ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
, Vol.
106
, pp.
619
627
.
37.
Walker, G. J., 1974, “The Unsteady Nature of Boundary Layer Transition on an Axial-Flow Compressor Blade,” ASME Paper No. 74-GT-135.
38.
Wang
T.
, and
Simon
T. W.
,
1987
, “
Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics Measurements in Transitional Boundary Layers on Convex-Curved Surfaces
,”
ASME Journal of Turbomachinery
, Vol.
109
, pp.
443
451
.
39.
Wittig, S., Schultz, A., Dullenkopf, K., and Fairbank, J., 1988, “Effects of Free-Stream Turbulence and Wake Characteristics on the Heat Transfer Along a Cooled Gas Turbine Blade,” ASME Paper No. 88-GT-179.
40.
Wright, L., 1996, “The Effect of Periodic Unsteady Wakes on Boundary Layer Transition and Heat Transfer on a Curved Surface,” thesis, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
41.
You
S. M.
,
Simon
T. W.
, and
Kim
J.
,
1989
, “
Free-Stream Turbulence Effects on Convex-Curved Turbulent boundary Layers
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER
, Vol.
III
, pp.
66
76
.
42.
Zemskaya
A.
,
Levitsky
V.
,
Repik
Y.
, and
Sosedko
Y.
,
1979
, “
Effect of the Proximity of the Wall on Hot-Wire Readings in Laminar and Turbulent Boundary Layers
,”
Fluid Mechanics-Soviet Research
, Vol.
8
, No.
1
, pp.
133
141
.
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.