An analysis is made of the combined forced and free convection for laminar flow in the entrance region of isothermal, inclined tubes. This involves the numerical calculation of the developing flow with significant buoyancy effects. Three independent parameters are introduced: the Prandtl number Pr, a modified Rayleigh number Ra*, and Ω, a parameter that measures the relative importance of free and forced convection. The inclination angle does not appear explicitly in the formulation. Numerical results are obtained for Pr = 0.7, 5, and 10, and representative values of Ra* and Ω. The axial development of the velocity profiles, temperature field, local pressure gradient, and the Nusselt number are presented. These results reveal that the buoyancy effects have a considerable influence on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of the development flow. A comparison of the numerical results with the available experimental data is also presented.
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November 1988
This article was originally published in
Journal of Heat Transfer
Research Papers
Combined Forced and Free Laminar Convection in the Entrance Region of an Inclined Isothermal Tube
D. Choudhury,
D. Choudhury
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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S. V. Patankar
S. V. Patankar
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Search for other works by this author on:
D. Choudhury
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
S. V. Patankar
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
J. Heat Transfer. Nov 1988, 110(4a): 901-909 (9 pages)
Published Online: November 1, 1988
Article history
Received:
April 20, 1987
Online:
October 20, 2009
Citation
Choudhury, D., and Patankar, S. V. (November 1, 1988). "Combined Forced and Free Laminar Convection in the Entrance Region of an Inclined Isothermal Tube." ASME. J. Heat Transfer. November 1988; 110(4a): 901–909. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3250591
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