The development of a vortex generator jet within a turbulent boundary layer was studied by the particle image velocimetry method. Jet velocities ranging from one to three times greater than the freestream velocity were examined. The jet was pitched 45 deg and skewed 90 deg with respect to the surface and flow direction, respectively. The velocity field in planes normal to the freestream was measured at four stations downstream of the jet exit. The jet created a pair of streamwise vortices, one of which was stronger and dominated the flow field. The circulation, peak vorticity, and wall-normal position of the primary vortex increased linearly with the jet velocity. The circulation and peak vorticity decreased exponentially with the distance from the jet source for the jet-to-freestream velocity ratios of 2 and 3. The wandering of the streamwise vortex can be as much as ±30% of the local boundary layer thickness at the farthest measurement station.
Issue Section:
Technical Papers
1.
Wallis, R. A., 1952, “The Use of Air Jets for Boundary Layer Control,” Aerodynamics Research Laboratories, Aero Note 110, Melbourne, Australia.
2.
Wallis, R. A., 1956, “A Preliminary Note on a Modified Type of Air-Jet for Boundary Layer Control,” Current Paper No. 513, Aeronautical Research Council, London, UK.
3.
Pearcey, H. H., Rao, K., and Sykes, D. M., 1993, “Inclined Air-Jets Used as Vortex Generators to Suppress Shock-Induced Separation,” AGARD-CP-534, Computational and Experimental Assessment of Jets in Cross Flow, pp. 40.1–40.10.
4.
Ball, W. H., 1984, “Tests of Wall Blowing Concepts for Diffuser Boundary Layer Control,” AIAA Paper 84-1276.
5.
Johnston
, J. P.
, and Nishi
, M.
, 1990
, “Vortex Generator Jets—Means for Flow Separation Control
,” AIAA J.
, 28
(6
), pp. 989
–994
.6.
Selby
, G. V.
, Lin
, J. C.
, and Howard
, F. G.
, 1992
, “Control of Low-Speed Turbulent Separated Flow Using Jet Vortex Generators
,” Exp. Fluids
, 12
(6
), pp. 394
–400
.7.
Compton
, D. A.
, and Johnston
, J. P.
, 1992
, “Streamwise Vortex Production by Pitched and Skewed Jets in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
,” AIAA J.
, 30
(3
), pp. 640
–647
.8.
Zhang
, X.
, and Collins
, M. W.
, 1997
, “Measurements of a Longitudinal Vortex Generated by a Rectangular Jet in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
,” Phys. Fluids
, 9
(6
), pp. 1665
–1673
.9.
Zhang
, X.
, 1995
, “Co- and Contra-rotating Streamwise Vortices in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
,” J. Aircr.
, 32
(5
), pp. 1095
–1101
.10.
Zhang
, X.
, 1999
, “Counter-rotating Vortices Embedded in a Turbulent Boundary Layer With Inclined Jets
,” AIAA J.
, 37
(10
), pp. 1277
–1284
.11.
McManus, K. R., Legner, H. H., and Davis, S. J., 1994, “Pulsed Vortex Generator Jets for Active Control of Flow Separation,” AIAA Paper 94-2218.
12.
McManus, K., Ducharme, A., Goldey, C., and Magill, J., 1996, “Pulsed Jet Actuators for Suppressing Flow Separation,” AIAA Paper 96-0442.
13.
Magill
, J. C.
, and McManus
, K. R.
, 2001
, “Exploring the Feasibility of Pulsed Jet Separation Control for Aircraft Configurations
,” J. Aircr.
, 38
(1
), pp. 48
–56
.14.
Seifert
, A.
, Bachar
, T.
, Koss
, D.
, Sheshelovich
, M.
, and Wygnanski
, I.
, 1993
, “Oscillatory Blowing: A Tool to Delay Boundary-Layer Separation
,” AIAA J.
, 31
(11
), pp. 2052
–2060
.15.
Wygnanski, I., 1997, “Boundary Layer and Flow Control by Periodic Addition of Momentum,” AIAA Paper 97-2117.
16.
Gad-el-Hak
, M.
, and Blackwelder
, R. F.
, 1987
, “Simulation of Large-Eddy Structures in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
,” AIAA J.
, 25
(9
), pp. 1207
–1215
.17.
Joslin, R. D., Kunz, R. F., and Stinebring, D. R., 2000, “Flow Control Technology Readiness: Aerodynamic Versus Hydrodynamic,” 18th Applied Aerodynamics Conference & Exhibit, Denver, CO, AIAA Paper 2000-4412.
18.
Landahl
, M. T.
, 1990
, “On Sublayer Streaks
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 212
, pp. 593
–614
.19.
Johansson
, A. V.
, Alfredsson
, P. H.
, and Kim
, J.
, 1991
, “Evolution and Dynamics of Shear Layer Structure in Near Wall Turbulence
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 224
, pp. 579
–599
.20.
Rathnasingham
, R.
, and Breuer
, K.
, 1997
, “System Identification and Active Control of a Turbulent Boundary Layer
,” Phys. Fluids
, 9
(7
), pp. 1867
–1869
.21.
Jacobson
, S. A.
, and Reynolds
, W. C.
, 1998
, “Active Control of Streamwise Vortices and Streaks in Boundary Layers
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 360
, pp. 179
–211
.22.
Khan
, Z. U.
, and Johnston
, J. P.
, 2000
, “On Vortex Generating Jets
,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
, 21
, pp. 506
–511
.23.
Shabaka
, I. M. M. A.
, Mehta
, R. D.
, and Bradshaw
, P.
, 1985
, “Longitudinal Vortices Imbedded in Turbulent Boundary Layers. Part 1. Single Vortex
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 155
, pp. 37
–57
.24.
Cutler
, A. D.
, and Bradshaw
, P.
, 1993
, “Strong Vortex/Boundary Layer Interactions. Part I. Vortices High
,” Exp. Fluids
, 14
, pp. 321
–332
.25.
Cutler
, A. D.
, and Bradshaw
, P.
, 1993
, “Strong vortex/Boundary Layer Interactions. Part II. Vortices Low
,” Exp. Fluids
, 14
, pp. 393
–401
.26.
Johnston
, J. P.
, Mosier
, B. P.
, and Khan
, Z. U.
, 2002
, “Vortex Generating Jets; Effects of Jet-Hole Inlet Geometry
,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
, 23
, pp. 744
–749
.27.
Pratt
, B. D.
, and Baines
, W. D.
, 1967
, “Profiles of the Round Turbulent Jet in a Cross Flow
,” J. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng.
, 92
, pp. 53
–64
.28.
Broadwell
, J. E.
, and Breidenthal
, R. E.
, 1984
, “Structure and Mixing of a Transverse Jet in Incompressible Flow
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 148
, pp. 405
–412
.29.
Fearn
, R.
, and Weston
, R. P.
, 1974
, “Vorticity Associated with a Jet in a Cross Flow
,” AIAA J.
, 12
(12
), pp. 1666
–1671
.30.
Kuzo, D. M., 1995, “An Experimental Study of the Turbulent Transverse Jet,” Ph.D. dissertation, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
31.
Zhang
, X.
, and Collins
, M. W.
, 1997
, “Nearfield Evolution of a Longitudinal Vortex Generated by an Inclined Jet in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
, 119
, pp. 934
–939
.32.
Eibeck
, P. A.
, and Eaton
, J. K.
, 1987
, “Heat Transfer Effects of a Longitudinal Vortex Embedded in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 109
, pp. 16
–24
.Copyright © 2003
by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
