pARametric: Empowering In Situ Parametric Modeling in Augment Reality for Personal Fabrication

Parametric modeling software is a powerful design tool for defining complex geometries, controlling precise dimensions, and maintaining design intent during iterative modifications. However, such software challenges novice users due to the complex user interfaces, steep learning curve, and the need for strong spatial understanding to manipulate 3D models. To overcome these barriers, we introduce pARametric, an augmented reality (AR) system that provides an effortless parametric modeling experience in situ. Our system features an immersive sketching platform for freehand sketching, a transformer-based parametric sketch construction algorithm, and an AR interface that offers intuitive hand-to-virtual geometry interaction for 3D modeling operations. In pARametric, a novice user without experience in 3D modeling can create parametric models for personal fabrication. Our system uses environmental context as design references to make decisions about structure, dimension, and shape. The system allows users to express their design intents by sketching freehand rather than mastering the sophisticated operations in current modeling software. We also incorporate widely used 3D modeling features such as extrusion, revolution, sweep, and mirror to create a wide variety of models. In a user study with eight participants, we discovered that novice designers see great potential in pARametric to enhance their capabilities and willingness to engage in parametric modeling. We further discuss how our system can be integrated into traditional parametric modeling workflows to benefit a wider range of designers in terms of visualization and collaboration on challenging design tasks.