...R. Sharifi Sedeh; M. T. Ahmadian; F. Janabi-Sharifi Needle insertion simulation and planning systems (SPSs) will play an important role in diminishing inappropriate insertions into soft tissues and resultant complications. Difficulties in SPS development are due in large part to the computational...

... on inhomogeneous gels, techniques by which the mechanical properties of the substrate can be measured within the proximity of a given cell are of interest. We describe an apparatus that allows the determination of local gel elasticity by measuring the response of embedded micron-sized magnetic needles to applied...